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While tasting the coffee,
you should try to discern whether the flavor,
body, acidity and aroma of the coffee is
pleasant, or unpleasant. Here are the criteria
that most tasters use to judge coffee:
Acidity
Acidity is a desirable characteristic in coffee.
It is the sensation of dryness that the coffee
produces under the edges of your tongue and on
the back of your palate. The role acidity plays
in coffee is not unlike its role as related to
the flavor of wine. It provides a sharp, bright,
vibrant quality. With out sufficient acidity,
the coffee will tend to taste flat. Coffee acidity
should not be confused with sour, which is an
unpleasant, negative flavor characteristic.
Aroma
Aroma is a sensation which is difficult to
separate from flavor. Without our sense of
smell, our only taste sensations would be:
sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. The aroma
contributes to the flavors we discern on our
palates, hence the aroma of coffee adds to the
enjoyment of a cup of coffee. Subtle nuances, such as "floral" or
"winy" characteristics, are derived from the
aroma of the brewed coffee.
Body
Body is the feeling that the coffee has in your
mouth. It is the viscosity, heaviness,
thickness, or richness that is perceived on the
tongue. A good example of body would be that of
the feeling of whole milk in your mouth, as
compared to water. Your perception of the body
of a coffee is related to the oils and solids
extracted during brewing. Typically, Indonesian
coffees will possess greater body than South and
Central American coffees. If you are unsure of
the level of body when comparing several
coffees, try adding an equal amount of milk to
each. Coffees with a heavier body will maintain
more of their flavor when diluted.
Flavor
Flavor is the overall perception of the coffee
in your mouth. Acidity, aroma, and body are all
components of flavor. It is the balance and
homogenization of these senses that create your
overall perception of flavor. The following are
typical flavor characteristics:
General
coffee flavor
characteristics
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Richness—refers
to body and fullness
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Complexity— the
perception of multiple flavors
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Balance— the
satisfying presence of all the basic taste
characteristics where no one over-powers
another
Typical specific
desirable flavor characteristics
Typical specific
undesirable flavor characteristics
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